Milton Ernest "Robert" Rauschenberg was an American painter and graphic artist whose early works anticipated the pop art movement. Rauschenberg is well known for his "combines" of the 1950s, in which non-traditional materials and objects were employed in various combinations. Rauschenberg was both a painter and a sculptor, and the combines are a combination of the two, but he also worked with photography, printmaking, papermaking and performance.
Rauschenberg was awarded the National Medal of Arts in 1993 and the Leonardo da Vinci World Award of Arts in 1995 in recognition of his more than 40 years of artmaking.
Rauschenberg lived and worked in New York City and on Captiva Island, Florida, until his death from heart failure on May 12, 2008.
Ronald Lawrence Kovic is an American anti-war activist, writer, and former United States Marine Corps sergeant, who was wounded and paralyzed in the Vietnam War. He is best known as the author of his best selling 1976 memoir Born on the Fourth of July, which was made into the Academy Award–winning 1989 film directed by Oliver Stone.
Kovic received the Golden Globe Award for Best Screenplay on January 20, 1990, 22 years to the day that he was wounded in Vietnam, and was nominated for an Academy Award in the same category.
The Partition of India of 1947 was the division of British India into two independent dominion states, India and Pakistan, enacted by the Parliament of the United Kingdom. The two self-governing countries legally came into existence at midnight on 15 August 1947, and would involve the division of two provinces, Bengal and Punjab, based on Muslim and non-Muslim majorities by district. India would go on to become, as it exists today, the Republic of India; while the former Dominion of Pakistan would later split further, into what is now the Islamic Republic of Pakistan and the People's Republic of Bangladesh.
Outlined in the Indian Independence Act 1947, the partition saw the dissolution of the British Raj, as well as the division of the British Indian Army, the Royal Indian Navy, the Indian Civil Service, railways, and the central treasury. The partition displaced between 10–12 million people along religious lines, thus creating overwhelming refugee crises in the newly-constituted dominions. Large-scale violence would come as result, with estimates of loss of life accompanying or preceding the partition disputed and varying between several hundred thousand and two million.