Chaïm Soutine was a French painter of Lithuanian Jewish origin. Soutine made a major contribution to the expressionist movement while living in Paris.
Inspired by classic painting in the European tradition, exemplified by the works of Rembrandt, Chardin and Courbet, Soutine developed an individual style more concerned with shape, color, and texture over representation, which served as a bridge between more traditional approaches and the developing form of Abstract Expressionism.
Muhammad Yusuf Khan, known professionally as Dilip Kumar, is an actor, producer and philanthropist, who was later elected to India's parliament. Popularly known as The Tragedy King and The First Khan, he has been credited with bringing realism to film acting since his first film. He is also one of the most successful stars in the history of indian cinema.
Kumar debuted as an actor in the film Jwar Bhata, produced by Bombay Talkies. In a career spanning over five decades, Kumar worked in over 65 films. Kumar is known for roles in films such as the romantic Andaz, the heartwarming Babul, the impassioned Deedar, the swashbuckling Aan, social drama Daag, the dramatic Devdas, the comical Azaad, Naya Daur, Yahudi, Madhumati, Kohinoor, the epic historical Mughal-e-Azam, the social dacoit crime drama Gunga Jamuna, and the comedy Ram Aur Shyam.
In 1976, Kumar took a five-year break from film performances and returned with a character role in the film Kranti and continued his career playing leading roles in films such as Shakti, Mashaal, Karma and Saudagar. His last film was Qila.
The Western Desert campaign, took place in the deserts of Egypt and Libya and was the main theatre in the North African campaign of the Second World War. Military operations began in June 1940 with the Italian declaration of war and the Italian invasion of Egypt in September. Operation Compass, a British five-day raid in December 1940, led to the destruction of the Italian 10th Army. Benito Mussolini sought help from Adolf Hitler, who sent a small German force to Tripoli under Directive 22. The Afrika Korps was formally under Italian command as Italy was the main Axis power in the Mediterranean and North Africa.
In the spring of 1941, Rommel led Operation Sonnenblume which pushed the British back to Egypt except for the Siege of Tobruk at the port. At the end of 1941 the Axis forces were defeated in Operation Crusader and retired again to El Agheila. In early 1942 Axis forces drove the British back again, then captured Tobruk after the Battle of Gazala but failed to destroy their opponents.